在科研学习的过程中,我们难免需要查询相关的文献资料,而想必很多小伙伴都知道SCI-HUB,此乃一大神器,它可以帮助我们搜索相关论文并下载其原文。可以说,SCI-HUB造福了众多科研人员,用起来也是“美滋滋”。
然而,当师姐告诉我:“xx,可以帮我下载几篇文献嘛?”。乐心助人的我自当是满口答应了,心想:“这种小事就交给我叭~”
于是乎,我收到了一个excel文档,66篇论文的列表安静地趟在里面(此刻心中碎碎念:“这尼玛,是几篇嘛...”)。我粗略算了一下,复制、粘贴、下载,一套流程走下来,每篇论文少说也得30秒,66篇的话....啊,这不能忍!
很显然,一篇一篇的下载,不是我的风格所以,我决定写一个论文下载器助我前行。
一、代码分析
代码分析的详细思路跟以往依旧如此雷同,逃不过的还是:抓包分析->模拟请求->代码整合。由于一会儿kimol君还得去搬砖,今天就不详细展开了。
1. 搜索论文
通过论文的URL、PMID、DOI号或者论文标题等搜索到对应的论文,并通过bs4库找出PDF原文的链接地址,代码如下:
def search_article(artName): ''' 搜索论文 --------------- 输入:论文名 --------------- 输出:搜索结果(如果没有返回"",否则返回PDF链接) ''' url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'Content-Length':'123', 'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'', 'request':artName} res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) html = res.text soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') iframe = soup.find(id='pdf') if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章 return '' else: downUrl = iframe['src'] if 'http' not in downUrl: downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl return downUrl
2. 下载论文
得到了论文的链接地址之后,只需要通过requests发送一个请求,即可将其下载:
def download_article(downUrl): ''' 根据论文链接下载文章 ---------------------- 输入:论文链接 ---------------------- 输出:PDF文件二进制 ''' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers) return res.content
二、完整代码
将上述两个函数整合之后,我的完整代码如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Tue Jan 5 16:32:22 2021 @author: kimol_love """ import os import time import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup def search_article(artName): ''' 搜索论文 --------------- 输入:论文名 --------------- 输出:搜索结果(如果没有返回"",否则返回PDF链接) ''' url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'Content-Length':'123', 'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'', 'request':artName} res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) html = res.text soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') iframe = soup.find(id='pdf') if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章 return '' else: downUrl = iframe['src'] if 'http' not in downUrl: downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl return downUrl def download_article(downUrl): ''' 根据论文链接下载文章 ---------------------- 输入:论文链接 ---------------------- 输出:PDF文件二进制 ''' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers) return res.content def welcome(): ''' 欢迎界面 ''' os.system('cls') title = ''' _____ _____ _____ _ _ _ _ ____ / ____|/ ____|_ _| | | | | | | | _ \ | (___ | | | |______| |__| | | | | |_) | \___ \| | | |______| __ | | | | _ < ____) | |____ _| |_ | | | | |__| | |_) | |_____/ \_____|_____| |_| |_|\____/|____/ ''' print(title) if __name__ == '__main__': while True: welcome() request = input('请输入URL、PMID、DOI或者论文标题:') print('搜索中...') downUrl = search_article(request) if downUrl == '': print('未找到相关论文,请重新搜索!') else: print('论文链接:%s'%downUrl) print('下载中...') pdf = download_article(downUrl) with open('%s.pdf'%request, 'wb') as f: f.write(pdf) print('---下载完成---') time.sleep(0.8)
不出所料,代码一跑,我便轻松完成了师姐交给我的任务,不香嘛?
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